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HOWLAND_.CRD
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1994-11-29
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#CARD:Howland Island:Geography
#WORD 46 72 218 217 0
Howland Island Click Here for Country List
Header
Affiliation:
(territory of the US)
#IMAGE 44 61 TWPCX \maps\HOWLAND_.PCX
Geography Click Here for MAP
Location:
Oceania, Polynesia, in the North Pacific Ocean, 2,575 km southwest of
Honolulu, just north of the Equator, about halfway between Hawaii and
Australia
Map references:
Oceania
Area:
total area:
1.6 sq km
land area:
1.6 sq km
comparative area:
about 2.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
0 km
Coastline:
6.4 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
24 nm
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
Terrain:
low-lying, nearly level, sandy, coral island surrounded by a narrow
fringing reef; depressed central area
Natural resources:
guano (deposits worked until late 1800s)
Land use:
arable land:
0%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
0%
forest and woodland:
5%
other:
95%
Irrigated land:
0 sq km
Environment:
current issues:
lacks freshwater
natural hazards:
NA
international agreements:
NA
Note:
almost totally covered with grasses, prostrate vines, and low-growing
shrubs; small area of trees in the center; primarily a nesting,
roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine
wildlife; feral cats
#CARD:Howland Island:People
People
Population:
uninhabited; note - American civilians evacuated in 1942 after
Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US
military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public
entry is by special-use permit only and generally restricted to
scientists and educators
#CARD:Howland Island:Government
Government
Names:
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form:
Digraph:
HQ
Type:
unincorporated territory of the US administered by the Fish and
Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the
National Wildlife Refuge System
Capital:
none; administered from Washington, DC
#CARD:Howland Island:Economy
Economy
Overview:
no economic activity
#CARD:Howland Island:Communications
Communications
Ports:
none; offshore anchorage only, one boat landing area along the middle
of the west coast
Airports:
airstrip constructed in 1937 for scheduled refueling stop on the
round-the-world flight of Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan - they left
Lae, New Guinea, for Howland Island, but were never seen again; the
airstrip is no longer serviceable
Note:
Earhart Light is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast that
was partially destroyed during World War II, but has since been
rebuilt in memory of famed aviatrix Amelia Earhart
#CARD:Howland Island:Defense Forces
Defense Forces
defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US
Coast Guard
HOWLAND_.0